PENGARUH METODE ANALISIS KEHILANGAN MINYAK (OIL LOSSES) PADA BIJI (NUT) DARI STASIUN PRESS DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT

Muhammad Erlangga Habibi Nasution; Junaidi Sinaga; Wahyu DS; Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan

doi:10.47199/jaf.v8i1.462

Authors

Muhammad Erlangga Habibi Nasution Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Junaidi Sinaga Union Sampoerna Triputra Persada
Wahyu DS Union Sampoerna Triputra Persada
Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Medan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47199/jaf.v8i1.462

Keywords:

Shell, extraction, nut, oil losses, soxhlet

Abstract

Oil losses in nuts are one of the key parameters for determining losses during process evaluation at palm oil mill (POM). The determination of oil losses in nuts at POM remains a subject of debate due to differences in sample preparation methods, specifically whether to use whole nuts or nuts with shells and attached fibres that have been cleaned or left uncleaned. This study aims to analyse the effect of sample preparation methods and Soxhlet extraction time on oil losses in nuts. Nut samples were obtained from the press station under four sample conditions: whole nuts with unremoved fibres, whole nuts with removed fibers, cracked nut shells with unremoved fibres, and cracked nut shells with removed fibres. Oil content analysis was performed using the Soxhlet method with n-hexane as the solvent at extraction times ranging from 1.5 to 7 hours. The results showed that analysis of whole nut samples yielded higher oil content than shell-based samples, because the oil in the kernel inside the nut being extracted as well. Uncleaned whole nut samples yielded higher oil content compared to cleaned whole nuts, indicating that the fibres on the surface of the nut contain a high oil content. Meanwhile, cleaned shell samples yielded low oil content. Standardization of sample preparation is necessary to obtain more representative analysis results and to ensure the conversion ratio aligns with TBS in losses calculations. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that a more representative analysis of oil losses in nuts be conducted using shell samples from cracked, unpeeled nuts with a soxhlet extraction time of 3 hours.

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